Recent Bomb explosion in Norway- Sympathy from India.

On 22 July 2011, Norway, the land of Nobel peace Prize a symbol of world peace, had witnessed deadly bomb blast outside the government quarters of Oslo, a place outside the office of Prime Minister. There is a subsequent shooting incident on the island of Utoya, all resulting in killing of 85 people (unconfirmed sources and media report).

After London attack, this is the second major incident of bomb explosion in Europe. Back in India, particularly, in Mumbai where there were also series of bomb explosions on 13 July 2011 killing around 22 innocent people.

I am sure back in Oslo, the people must be baffling with these questions, “What have we done”/ Why us? We are a peace loving nation and always support international peace efforts by donating money, machines and materials to African /other Asian countries.

Similar set of questions used to baffle us back here in India, but no longer now. We have understood that terrorism and terrorists were responsible for these sorts of heinous acts of violence. As these terrorists have no nation, no religion and no creed they can strike anywhere in the world- nobody is safe, no nation is safe. This is nothing but globalization of terrorism.

The only way out is to come together, share information as frequently as possible, collaborate our efforts and resources to face these kinds of eventualities.

I am saddened and deeply hurt and sympathize with the people of Norway. This is an act of sheer violence which is unacceptable and perpetuators of this heinous act of violence should not be spared at any cost and I pray to Almighty God (Lord Shiva) to give strength to the family of victims of this attack and MAY THEIR SOULS REST IN PEACE.

Tribe and caste,Sociology, IAS Mains Exam

Tribe and Caste

It has generally been assumed that the two represent two different forms of social
organizations. Castes have been treated as one regulated by the hereditary division of labour, hierarchy, principle of purity and pollution, civic and religious disabilities, etc. Tribes on the other hand have been seen as one characterized by the absence of features attributed to the caste. The two types of social organizations are also considered as governed by the different set of principles.
Sr.No
Tribe
Caste
1 bonds of kinship govern the tribal society. Each individual is considered to be equal to others. The lineage and clan tend to be the chief unit of ownership as well as of production and consumption. inequality, dependency and subordination is an integral feature of caste society .
2 Tribes in contrast maintain similar forms, practices and behaviour pattern for both function of the religion.
Caste groups tend to maintain different forms, practices and behaviour pattern for each of these two aspects of the religion.
3 Tribes are said to take direct, unalloyed satisfaction in pleasures of the senses whether in food, drink, sex, dance or song.
As against this caste people maintain certain ambivalence about such pleasures.
4 In the ‘jati’ society, the village is expected to be culturally heterogeneous, with each jati following a unique
combination of customary practices.
Tribesmen on the other hand expect their society to be homogeneous or, at least, not necessarily heterogeneous (Mandelbaum )
More to follow soon...